Thursday, 5 September 2019

Divine Guidance on Governance


In the Name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful

After the death of Prophet Moses (peace on him), Allah Almighty continued to send other Prophets to the Children of Israel for their guidance. The extract below from QUR’AANIC STUDIES – A Modern Tafsir PART I is related to one such Prophet. The Children of Israel (Jews) had asked him to get a divinely appointed King for them.
247. Waqala lahum nabiyyuhum inna Allaha qad baAAatha lakum taloota malikan qaloo anna yakoonu lahu almulku AAalayna wanahnu ahaqqu bialmulki minhu walam yu/ta saAAatan mina almali qala inna Allaha istafahu AAalaykum wazadahu bastatan fee alAAilmi waaljismi waAllahu yu/tee mulkahu man yashao waAllahu wasiAAun AAaleemun

2:247. And their Prophet informed them, "Allah has decreed Tuaaloot to be king for you!" They said, "How could he get precedence over us in getting the kingdom, when we were the ones more deserving? And neither is he endowed with abundance in wealth!" The Prophet said, "Allah has chosen him over you; and has given him much more knowledge and physical strength.467, 468 And Allah grants dominion over His land to anyone He wishes. And Allah is All-encompassing, Wise!"469

467. Tualoot was a divinely chosen king. He was divinely appointed on the request of the people (Verse 246 above). Once such appointment was made, there was no question of the people questioning that appointment. But the Chiefs of the Children of Israel did question the propriety of the divine appointment because of their own satanic pride.
468. In today's world, however, there can't be such direct, obviously divine appointments. Allah had made the above such appointment through one of His prophets. But Allah has ended prophethood with Prophet Muhammad, peace and Allah's blessings be upon him. What then is Allah's guidance for us now, in the matter of governance of a country? In Verse 42:38, Allah appreciates those who conduct their affairs by mutual consultations. And therein lies the divine guidance. We must conduct our public affairs by mutual consultations. In the case dealt with in these Qur'aanic Verses, the choice of Tuaaloot gives us the further guidance that there ought to be an executive head of state. The head of state must be chosen based on his abilities, and not because he belongs to a ruling dynasty or class. It is thus clear that Islam does not favour a dynastic rule. And, in view of Verse 42:38 quoted above, the chosen head of state cannot work autocratically, but by mutual consultations with an advisory council. In an Islamic state, the Qur'aan must be the Constitution; and the subsidiary rules for implementing the Constitution must be framed by a legislative body consisting of persons chosen by the people. The USA pattern appears to be in line with Islamic requirement, except of course for the Constitution.
469. Even though, in today's world, the rulers are generally chosen by the people, it is a fundamental Islamic faith that no one can become a ruler – nor, for that matter, anything happen in this world – against Allah's Will.



Friday, the 6th of September 2019.

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